ABAP--关于SAP Control Framework(入门GUI编程的不错的基础介绍)

一、SAP Control Framework的架构

SAP Control Framework的架构分为客户端和应用服务器端，其中客户端包含重要的部件：“Automation Controller”，应用服务器端包含：“ABAP Objects Control Framework”；
Automation Controller的功能
1) The automation controller is the central instance at the frontend. It administers all instances of custom controls.
2) The Automation Controller also contains a list of the events that a custom control can trigger.
3) All communication between the controls at the frontend and the application program at the backend runs through the Automation Controller.

ABAP Objects Control Framework的功能
1) The ABAP Objects Control Framework has a similar function at the backend to that of the Automation Controller at the frontend. All method calls from an application program to a custom control run through the Control Framework. In order to avoid each method call establishing a separate connection to the frontend, the method calls are buffered in the automation queue. The automation queue is not sent to the frontend until you reach a synchronization point.
2) Like the Automation Controller, the Control Framework has a list of control events. This list also contains the corresponding handler methods that need to be called when the event occurs.
3) The Control Framework also maintains a list of the control instances you have created. This list is the basis for the lifetime management of controls

二、SAP Control Framework的事件类型
System events：
该事件发生时，不会发生自动对象的数据交换，不会触发ＰＢＯ和ＰＡＩ事件。
在该事件的处理过程里你可以通过set_new_ok_code 函数设置新值到OK_CODE，人为的触发ＰＡＩ和ＰＢＯ事件。

Application events：
该事件在PAI event处理完后会自动触发（这种情况下屏幕字段已经传输到程序变量），你也可以在ＰＡＩ事件当中使用CL_GUI_CFW=>DISPATCH 来人为触发Application events事件的处理。

三、SAP Control Framework事件的交互图

先由控件触发事件，“Automation Controller”就会检查是否有该事件的注册，有就会向应用服务器提交，应用服务器就将由“ABAP Objects Control Framework”来检测事件的注册，找出对应处理过程并调用处理

四、SAP Control Framework的程序设计步骤
1)定义事件处理类
CLASS lcl_event_receiver DEFINITION.
PUBLIC SECTION.
METHODS Event_Handler
FOR EVENT event_name OF cl_gui_picture
IMPORTING event_parameter
sender .
ENDCLASS.
2)事件类实现
CLASS lcl_event_receiver DEFINITION.
PUBLIC SECTION.
CLASS-METHODS Event_Handler
FOR EVENT event_name OF cl_gui_picture
IMPORTING event_parameter
sender .
ENDCLASS.3)定义自定义控件容器变量
DATA container TYPE REF TO cl_gui_custom_container.
4)定义自定义变量
DATA my_control　 TYPE REF TO cl_gui_picture.

5)定义事件内表变量
DATA events TYPE cntl_simple_events.
DATA wa_events TYPEcntl_simple_event.
6)定义事件处理类的对象
DATA event_receiver TYPE REF TO lcl_event_receiver.
6)创建容器和控件
CREATE OBJECT container
EXPORTING container_name = 'CUSTOM'
lifetime= lifetime.

CREATE OBJECT　my_control
EXPORTING parent= container
lifetime= lifetime.

7)创建事件处理类的对象
CREATE OBJECT event_receiver.
8)维护事件内表并注册事件
wa_events-eventid = event_id .
wa_events-appl_event = appl_event . “为Ｘ是表示应用类型事件，空表示系统类型事件
APPEND wa_events TO events.

CALL METHOD my_control->set_registered_events
events = events.

9)设置事件处理过程
SET HANDLER event_receiver->Event_Handler
FOR my_control.

五、SAP的GUI的类列表

CLASS NAME	Super CLASS NAME	DESCRIPTIO
CL_GUI_OBJECT		Proxy Class for a GUI Object
CL_FORMPAINTER_BASEWINDOW	CL_GUI_OBJECT	SAP Form Painter Window Base Class
CL_FORMPAINTER_BITMAPWINDOW	CL_FORMPAINTER_BASEWINDOW	SAP Form Painter Bitmap Window Class
CL_FORMPAINTER_TEXTWINDOW	CL_FORMPAINTER_BASEWINDOW	SAP Form Painter Text Window Class
CL_GUI_CONTROL	CL_GUI_OBJECT	Proxy Class for Control in GUI
CL_DSVAS_GUI_BUSIGRAPH	CL_GUI_CONTROL	DSVAS: Proxy for Business Graphic
CL_GFW_GP_PRES_CHART	CL_GUI_CONTROL	GFW: Product-specific section of CL_GUI_GP_PRES (Chart)
CL_GFW_GP_PRES_PIG	CL_GUI_CONTROL	GFW: product specific section for web view
CL_GFW_GP_PRES_SAP	CL_GUI_CONTROL	GFW: product-specific section of CL_GUI_GP_PRES (SAP BUSG)
CL_GUI_ALV_GRID_BASE	CL_GUI_CONTROL	Basis Class for ALV Grid
CL_CALENDAR_CONTROL_SCHEDULE	CL_GUI_ALV_GRID_BASE	Calendar View (Day, Week, Month)
CL_GUI_ALV_GRID	CL_GUI_ALV_GRID_BASE	ALV List Viewer
CL_ALV_DD_LISTBOX	CL_GUI_ALV_GRID	D&D List Box
CL_BUKF_CAT_GRID	CL_GUI_ALV_GRID	Key Figures - Grid of categories
CL_BUKF_DSRC_GRID	CL_GUI_ALV_GRID	Key Figures - Grid for Data sources
CL_BUKF_FILTER_GRID	CL_GUI_ALV_GRID	Key Figures - Filter for Key Figure
CL_BUKF_KF_GRID	CL_GUI_ALV_GRID	Key Figures - Grid for Key Figures
CL_BUKF_TERMS_GRID	CL_GUI_ALV_GRID	Key Figures - Grid for terms
CL_FTR_GUI_ENTRY_ALV	CL_GUI_ALV_GRID	Class: ALV Grid Control for Initial Screen (Without Toolbar)
CL_GFW_GP_GRID_ALV	CL_GUI_ALV_GRID	ALV grid proxy
CL_GUI_AQQGRAPHIC_ADAPT	CL_GUI_CONTROL	Network Adapter
CL_GUI_AQQGRAPHIC_CONTROL	CL_GUI_CONTROL	BW Basis Class Network Control
CL_GUI_AQQGRAPHIC_NETPLAN	CL_GUI_AQQGRAPHIC_CONTROL	Network Control
CL_GUI_BARCHART	CL_GUI_CONTROL	Bar chart wrapper
CL_GUI_BORDERPAINTER	CL_GUI_CONTROL	SAP Border Painter Control Proxy Class
CL_GUI_BTFEDITOR	CL_GUI_CONTROL	SAP BTF Editor Control Proxy Class
CL_GUI_CALENDAR	CL_GUI_CONTROL	Calendar Control Proxy Class
CL_GUI_CHART_ENGINE_WIN	CL_GUI_CONTROL	Graphics: Presentation Graphics (SAP GUI for Windows)
CL_GUI_CONTAINER	CL_GUI_CONTROL	Abstract Container for GUI Controls
CL_GUI_CONTAINER_INFO	CL_GUI_CONTAINER	Information on Container Controls
CL_GUI_CUSTOM_CONTAINER	CL_GUI_CONTAINER	Container for Custom Controls in the Screen Area
CL_GUI_DIALOGBOX_CONTAINER	CL_GUI_CONTAINER	Container for Custom Controls in the Screen Area
CL_ECL_VIEWER_FRAME	CL_GUI_DIALOGBOX_CONTAINER	Manage EAI Control in Own Window
CL_GUI_ECL_VIEWERBOX	CL_GUI_DIALOGBOX_CONTAINER	ECL Viewer as Dialog Box
CL_GUI_DOCKING_CONTAINER	CL_GUI_CONTAINER	Docking Control Container
CL_GUI_EASY_SPLITTER_CONTAINER	CL_GUI_CONTAINER	Reduced Version of Splitter Container Control
CL_EU_EASY_SPLITTER_CONTAINER	CL_GUI_EASY_SPLITTER_CONTAINER	Internal Test; Do Not Use
CL_GUI_GOS_CONTAINER	CL_GUI_CONTAINER	Generic Object Services Container
CL_GUI_SIMPLE_CONTAINER	CL_GUI_CONTAINER	Anonymous Container
CL_GUI_SPLITTER_CONTAINER	CL_GUI_CONTAINER	Splitter Control
CL_GUI_ECL_2DCOMPARE	CL_GUI_CONTROL	Compare Module for 2D Viewer
CL_GUI_ECL_3DCOMPARE	CL_GUI_CONTROL	Compare Module for 3D Viewer
CL_GUI_ECL_3DMEASUREMENT	CL_GUI_CONTROL	Measurement Module for 3D Viewer
CL_GUI_ECL_3DSECTIONING	CL_GUI_CONTROL	Sectioning Module for 3D Viewer
CL_GUI_ECL_MARKUP	CL_GUI_CONTROL	Markup (Redlining) Component
CL_GUI_ECL_PMI	CL_GUI_CONTROL	PMI Module for the 3D Viewer
CL_GUI_ECL_PRIMARYVIEWER	CL_GUI_CONTROL	Basis Class for ECL Viewers (2D und 3D)
CL_GUI_ECL_2DVIEWER	CL_GUI_ECL_PRIMARYVIEWER	Engineering Client 2D Viewer
CL_GUI_ECL_3DVIEWER	CL_GUI_ECL_PRIMARYVIEWER	Engineering Client 3D Viewer
CL_GUI_ECL_VIEWER	CL_GUI_CONTROL	Proxy Class for Engineering Client Viewer
CL_GUI_FORMPAINTER	CL_GUI_CONTROL	SAP Form Painter Control Proxy Class
CL_GUI_GLT	CL_GUI_CONTROL	Internal; Do Not Use!
CL_GUI_GP	CL_GUI_CONTROL	GFW: Superclass of all graphics proxies
CL_GUI_GP_GRID	CL_GUI_GP	GFW: Grid proxy
CL_GUI_GP_HIER	CL_GUI_GP	GFW: Structure graphics
CL_GUI_GP_PRES	CL_GUI_GP	GFW: Business graphic
CL_GUI_GRLT	CL_GUI_CONTROL	Internal; Do Not Use !! ( restricted license - see docu)
CL_GUI_HTML_EDITOR	CL_GUI_CONTROL	HTML Editor
CL_GUI_ILIDRAGNDROP_CONTROL	CL_GUI_CONTROL	Interactive List: Drag & Drop
CL_GUI_MOVIE	CL_GUI_CONTROL	SAP Movie Control
CL_GUI_NETCHART	CL_GUI_CONTROL	Network wrapper
CL_GFW_GP_HIER_SAP	CL_GUI_NETCHART	GFW: Product-specific section of CL_GUI_GP_HIER (NETZ)
CL_GUI_PDFVIEWER	CL_GUI_CONTROL	PDF Viewer
CL_GUI_PICTURE	CL_GUI_CONTROL	SAP Picture Control
CL_GFW_GP_PRES_WEB	CL_GUI_PICTURE	GFW: product specific section for web view
CL_GUI_RTF_EDITOR	CL_GUI_CONTROL	SAP SAPscript Editor Control
CL_GUI_SAPSCRIPT_EDITOR	CL_GUI_RTF_EDITOR	SAP SAPscript Editor Control
CL_GUI_SELECTOR	CL_GUI_CONTROL	SAPSelector: Control for selecting colors or bitmaps
CL_GUI_SPH_STATUS_CONTROL	CL_GUI_CONTROL	SAPphone: Status Event Control
CL_GUI_TABLEPAINTER	CL_GUI_CONTROL	SAP Table Painter Control Proxy Class
CL_GUI_TIMER	CL_GUI_CONTROL	SAP Timer Control
CL_GUI_TOOLBAR	CL_GUI_CONTROL	Toolbar Control
CL_CCMS_AL_GUI_TOOLBAR	CL_GUI_TOOLBAR	Alerts: GUI Toolbar Used in the Visual Framework
CL_GUI_WCF_WWP	CL_GUI_CONTROL	Internal Tool - DO NOT USE
CL_KW_AUTOMATION_CONTROL	CL_GUI_CONTROL	Helper Class for General Automation Objects
CL_LC_EDITOR_CONTROL	CL_GUI_CONTROL	Lifecycle Editor Control
CL_GCM_LCEDITOR_CONTROL	CL_LC_EDITOR_CONTROL	Control for the display of definition life cycles
CL_SOTR_SPELLCHECKER	CL_GUI_CONTROL	Interface with OTR Spellchecker
CL_SRM_BASE_CONTROL	CL_GUI_CONTROL	SRM Control
CL_SRM_STACKED_CONTROL	CL_SRM_BASE_CONTROL	RM Control with Stack
CL_TREE_CONTROL_BASE	CL_GUI_CONTROL	Internal Tree Control Class
CL_GUI_SIMPLE_TREE	CL_TREE_CONTROL_BASE	Simple Tree Control
CL_ITEM_TREE_CONTROL	CL_TREE_CONTROL_BASE	Internal Tree Control Class
CL_GUI_COLUMN_TREE	CL_ITEM_TREE_CONTROL	Column Tree Control
BDMT_CONTROL	CL_GUI_COLUMN_TREE	Administers Tree Control for Monitoring
CL_BUCC_TREE	CL_GUI_COLUMN_TREE	Consistency Checks - Library Tree
CL_GFW_COLUMN_TREE	CL_GUI_COLUMN_TREE	Do not use!!!!!!!!
CL_GFW_GP_HIER_SAPTREE	CL_GFW_COLUMN_TREE	GFW: Product-specific section of CL_GUI_GP_HIER
CL_HU_COLUMN_TREE	CL_GUI_COLUMN_TREE	Tree that Displays Handling Units
CL_GUI_LIST_TREE	CL_ITEM_TREE_CONTROL	List Tree Control
C_OI_CONTAINER_CONTROL_PROXY	CL_GUI_CONTROL	For Internal Use
SCE_HTML_CONTROL_EVENT_HANDLER	CL_GUI_CONTROL	Event Handler for SCE HTML Control
CL_ALV_TREE_BASE	CL_GUI_CONTROL	Basis Class ALV Tree Control
CL_GUI_ALV_TREE	CL_ALV_TREE_BASE	ALV Tree Control
CL_GCM_WORKLIST_TREE	CL_GUI_ALV_TREE	CM: Worklist
CL_PT_GUI_TMW_ALV_TREE	CL_GUI_ALV_TREE	Small Modification to CL_GUI_ALV_TREE
CL_GUI_ALV_TREE_SIMPLE	CL_ALV_TREE_BASE	Simple ALV Tree
CL_SIMPLE_TREE_VIEW_MM	CL_GUI_ALV_TREE_SIMPLE	Simplest Kind of Tree
CL_GUI_ECATT_RECORDER	CL_GUI_CONTROL	SAP eCATT Recorder Control - To be used by eCATT only!
CL_GUI_TEXTEDIT	CL_GUI_CONTROL	SAP TextEdit Control
CL_GCM_TEXTEDIT	CL_GUI_TEXTEDIT	CM: Long text control
CL_SOTR_TEXTEDIT	CL_GUI_TEXTEDIT	Edit Control for the OTR
CL_GUI_HTML_VIEWER	CL_GUI_CONTROL	HTML Control Proxy Class
CL_BFW_HTML_VIEWER_POC	CL_GUI_HTML_VIEWER	Browser Framework: Proxy for HTML Control
CL_CCMS_BSP_VIEWER	CL_GUI_HTML_VIEWER	HTML Control Proxy Class
CL_CCMS_AL_OBJ_DET_HTML_VIEWER	CL_CCMS_BSP_VIEWER	Alerts: Component That Displays Object Properties with HTML
CL_CCMS_FROG_HTML_VIEWER	CL_GUI_HTML_VIEWER	CL_GUI_FROG_HTML_VIEWER
CL_SSF_HTML_VIEWER	CL_GUI_HTML_VIEWER	Smart Forms: Enhanced HTML Viewer
CL_GUI_ECL_MATRIX	CL_GUI_OBJECT	Represents a Complete Data Type with 13 Floats
CL_GUI_RESOURCES	CL_GUI_OBJECT	GUI Resources (Fonts, Colors, ...)
CL_WF_GUI_RESOURCES	CL_GUI_RESOURCES	Getting Front Settings
CL_WF_GUI_RESOURCES_4_HTML	CL_GUI_RESOURCES	Get Front Settings for HTML Generation
CL_KW_AUTOMATION_OBJECT	CL_GUI_OBJECT	For Internal Use
CL_TABLEPAINTER_BASETABLE	CL_GUI_OBJECT	SAP Table Painter Table Base Class
CL_TABLEPAINTER_TABLE	CL_TABLEPAINTER_BASETABLE	SAP Table Painter Table Class
CL_TABLEPAINTER_TEMPLATE	CL_TABLEPAINTER_BASETABLE	SAP Table Painter Template Class
C_OI_AUTOMATION_OBJECT	CL_GUI_OBJECT	For Internal Use
CL_GUI_FRONTEND_SERVICES	CL_GUI_OBJECT	Frontend services

本篇只是介绍sap的SAP Control Framework基本原理，具体实例大家可以参见：BCALV_GRID_08等等。