如何使用应用日志（Application Log）

SAP的应用日志(Application Log)是用于创建,保存和分析系统消息的工具.

相关TCODE:

SLG0: Creation of Object and Sub object
SLG1: Display Application Logs

相关创建应用日志函数

BAL_LOG_CREATE --> Create log with header data
BAL_LOG_MSG_ADD --> Put message in log
BAL_DB_SAVE --> Save logs in the database

创建应用日志的处理步骤:

1: 使用TCODE:SLG0创建对象和子对象.
2: 创建对象,对象名以Z或Y开头.
3:创建对象后,你将创建子对象.
4: 如果相应的子对象不存在,则创建子对象.
5: 这样对象和子对象就可以在应用日志中使用了.
6: 使用下面三个函数创建和保存应用日志
7: 使用'BAL_LOG_CREATE'创建日志句柄(log handle)
8: 使用'BAL_LOG_MSG_ADD' 添加消息,
9: 使用'BAL_DB_SAVE' 保存日志

如何查看应用日志?

1.输入TCODE: SLG1.系统将出现分析应用日志的屏幕.
2. 输入对象，子对象和外部标示符.
3. 输入时间.
4. 规定日志的原因
5. 选择日志类别和创建日志.
6. 执行.
系统将显示结果.

SAP的代码实例:

SBAL_DEMO_06

样例代码:

report sbal_demo_06 .
***********************************************************************
***********************************************************************
* REPORT SBAL_DEMO_06
*
* The application log allows to add application specific data to
* a log header or a message.
*
* One simple possibility is to use the context. This allows to
* to add the content of a (flat, non-hierarchical) DDIC-structure
* to a log header or a message (sie sub-structure 'CONTEXT' in
* structure BAL_S_LOG and BAL_S_MSG).
* There is already an example in Report SBAL_DEMO_02 for this
* (see FORM msg_add_with_context).
*
* But sometimes a simple, flat DDIC-structure is not sufficient.
* If you want to add more complex data (like an internal table,
* a complex data type, etc.) to a log or a message,
* you can use table BAL_INDX.
*
* BAL_INDX is an INDX-like table which can be filled and read
* with the ABAP-statement EXPORT/IMPORT.
* This report shows an example how to use BAL_INDEX.
*
* This report has three options:
* o create log
* o display log
* o delete log
*
* create log:
* ==========
* The log which is created consists of a log header
* and only one message. For both, log header and message
* the parameters are defined (see sub-structure 'PARAMS' in
* BAL_S_LOG and BAL_S_MSG).
* The parameters are filled and callback routines are defined.
* When the log is saved, also some internal tables containing
* further data are saved via EXPORT TO BAL_INDX
* (see FORM log_save)
*
* display log:
* ===========
* The log is searched on the database, loaded and displayed.
* When the detail of a message or the log header is selected
* by the user, the callback-routines are called.
* In this callback-routine the internal tables are read
* with 'IMPORT FROM BAL_INDX'.
* (see FORM CALLBACK_LOG_DETAIL or FORM CALLBACK_MSG_DETAIL, both
* call FORM LOAD_MY_DATA).
*
* delete log:
* ===========
* The log is searched on the database and deleted.
* This deletion also deletes the data in table BAL_INDX for this
* log.
*
***********************************************************************
***********************************************************************

***********************************************************************
******************** SELECTION SCREEN *********************************
***********************************************************************
parameters:
p_create radiobutton group par,
p_disp radiobutton group par,
p_delete radiobutton group par.

***********************************************************************
******************** CONSTANTS, TYPES, DATA ***************************
***********************************************************************
set extended check off.
include sbal_constants.
set extended check on.
tables:
bal_indx.
constants:
const_example_object type bal_s_log-object value 'BCT1',
const_example_extnumber type bal_s_log-extnumber value 'BAL_INDX',
const_name_msg_ident(9) type c value 'MSG_IDENT'.
data:
g_identifier(10) type n,
g_lognumber type balhdr-lognumber.
* these are our own data we want to save with the application log:
data:
g_my_header_data type bal_s_ex05 occurs 0 with header line,
begin of g_my_message_data occurs 0,
identifier like g_identifier,
t_my_data type bal_s_ex06 occurs 0,
end of g_my_message_data.

***********************************************************************
******************** MAIN PROGRAM *************************************
***********************************************************************
end-of-selection.

* create log
if not p_create is initial.
perform log_create.
endif.

* display log
if not p_disp is initial.
perform log_display.
endif.

* delete log
if not p_delete is initial.
perform log_delete.
endif.

***********************************************************************
************** FORMS FOR CREATION OF THE LOG *************************
***********************************************************************
*--------------------------------------------------------------------
* FORM log_create.
*--------------------------------------------------------------------
form log_create.
data:
l_log_handle type balloghndl.

* create log header with information about the carriers and
* connection which are calculated in this transaction
perform log_header_create
changing
l_log_handle.

* create the message
perform log_message_create
using
l_log_handle.

* save the application log and our data
perform log_save
using
l_log_handle.

endform.
*--------------------------------------------------------------------
* FORM log_header_create
*--------------------------------------------------------------------
form log_header_create
changing
c_log_handle type balloghndl.

data:
l_s_log type bal_s_log.

* create log header data
clear l_s_log.
l_s_log-object = const_example_object.
l_s_log-extnumber = const_example_extnumber.

* define callback routine
l_s_log-params-callback-userexitp = sy-repid.
l_s_log-params-callback-userexitf = 'CALLBACK_LOG_DETAIL'.
l_s_log-params-callback-userexitt = const_callback_form.

* create the log header
call function 'BAL_LOG_CREATE'
exporting
i_s_log = l_s_log
importing
e_log_handle = c_log_handle
exceptions
others = 1.
if sy-subrc <> 0.
message id sy-msgid type sy-msgty number sy-msgno
with sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.
endif.

* we want to store some information in the log header
* to describe which carriers and flight were handled in this log
g_my_header_data-carrid = 'AB'. "#EC NOTEXT
g_my_header_data-txt_carrid = 'Airways AB'. "#EC NOTEXT
g_my_header_data-connid = '0003'."#EC NOTEXT
g_my_header_data-txt_connid = 'Hamburg - New York'(001).
append g_my_header_data.
g_my_header_data-carrid = 'XY'. "#EC NOTEXT
g_my_header_data-txt_carrid = 'XY Lines'. "#EC NOTEXT
g_my_header_data-connid = '0002'."#EC NOTEXT
g_my_header_data-txt_connid = 'Walldorf - Tokio'(002).
append g_my_header_data.
g_my_header_data-carrid = 'ZZ'. "#EC NOTEXT
g_my_header_data-txt_carrid = 'ZZ Wings'. "#EC NOTEXT
g_my_header_data-connid = '0014'."#EC NOTEXT
g_my_header_data-txt_connid = 'Paris - Frankfurt'(003).
append g_my_header_data.

endform.
*--------------------------------------------------------------------
* FORM log_message_create
*--------------------------------------------------------------------
form log_message_create
using
i_log_handle type balloghndl.

data:
l_s_msg type bal_s_msg,
l_s_par type bal_s_par,
l_s_my_data type bal_s_ex06.

* create a message
* 327(BL): "&1 customers were allowed to fly for free (see detail)"
clear l_s_msg.
l_s_msg-msgty = 'E'.
l_s_msg-msgid = 'BL'.
l_s_msg-msgno = '327'.
l_s_msg-msgv1 = '3'.

* define callback routine
l_s_msg-params-callback-userexitp = sy-repid.
l_s_msg-params-callback-userexitf = 'CALLBACK_MSG_DETAIL'.
l_s_msg-params-callback-userexitt = const_callback_form.

* define an identifer. This is used to establish the link between
* the message and its additional data
add 1 to g_identifier.

* put his identifier into the parameters of the message
l_s_par-parname = const_name_msg_ident.
l_s_par-parvalue = g_identifier.
append l_s_par to l_s_msg-params-t_par.

* create the message
call function 'BAL_LOG_MSG_ADD'
exporting
i_log_handle = i_log_handle
i_s_msg = l_s_msg
exceptions
others = 1.
if sy-subrc <> 0.
message id sy-msgid type sy-msgty number sy-msgno
with sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.
endif.

* we want to store information for this message about the customers
* which were allowed to fly for free:
g_my_message_data-identifier = g_identifier.
l_s_my_data-id = '00000002'.
l_s_my_data-txt_id = 'Peter Smith'. "#EC NOTEXT
append l_s_my_data to g_my_message_data-t_my_data.
l_s_my_data-id = '00000013'.
l_s_my_data-txt_id = 'Paula Jones'. "#EC NOTEXT
append l_s_my_data to g_my_message_data-t_my_data.
l_s_my_data-id = '00001345'.
l_s_my_data-txt_id = 'Jane Meyer'. "#EC NOTEXT
append l_s_my_data to g_my_message_data-t_my_data.
append g_my_message_data.

endform.

*--------------------------------------------------------------------
* FORM log_save
*--------------------------------------------------------------------
form log_save
using
i_log_handle type balloghndl.

data:
l_t_log_handle type bal_t_logh,
l_s_new_lognumber type bal_s_lgnm,
l_t_new_lognumbers type bal_t_lgnm.

* save this log
insert i_log_handle into table l_t_log_handle.
call function 'BAL_DB_SAVE'
exporting
i_t_log_handle = l_t_log_handle
importing
e_new_lognumbers = l_t_new_lognumbers
exceptions
others = 1.
if sy-subrc <> 0.
message id sy-msgid type sy-msgty number sy-msgno
with sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.
endif.

* find out the lognumber of this saved log
read table l_t_new_lognumbers into l_s_new_lognumber
with key log_handle = i_log_handle.
check sy-subrc = 0.
g_lognumber = l_s_new_lognumber-lognumber.

* also save our own, complex data:
export g_my_header_data g_my_message_data
to database bal_indx(al)
id g_lognumber.

endform.

***********************************************************************
************** FORMS FOR DISPLAY OF THE LOG **************************
***********************************************************************
*--------------------------------------------------------------------
* FORM log_display
*--------------------------------------------------------------------
form log_display.
data:
l_s_log_filter type bal_s_lfil,
l_s_obj type bal_s_obj,
l_s_extn type bal_s_extn,
l_t_log_header type balhdr_t.

* create filter to search for this log on db
clear l_s_log_filter-object.
clear l_s_obj.
l_s_obj-sign = 'I'.
l_s_obj-option = 'EQ'.
l_s_obj-low = const_example_object.
append l_s_obj to l_s_log_filter-object.
clear l_s_extn.
l_s_extn-sign = 'I'.
l_s_extn-option = 'EQ'.
l_s_extn-low = const_example_extnumber.
append l_s_extn to l_s_log_filter-extnumber.

* search for this log
call function 'BAL_DB_SEARCH'
exporting
i_s_log_filter = l_s_log_filter
importing
e_t_log_header = l_t_log_header
exceptions
others = 1.
if sy-subrc <> 0.
message id sy-msgid type sy-msgty number sy-msgno
with sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.
endif.

* load these messages into memory
call function 'BAL_DB_LOAD'
exporting
i_t_log_header = l_t_log_header
exceptions
others = 1.
if sy-subrc <> 0.
message id sy-msgid type sy-msgty number sy-msgno
with sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.
endif.

* show this log:
* - we do not specify the display profile I_DISPLAY_PROFILE since
* we want to use the standard profile
* - we do not specify any filter (like I_S_LOG_FILTER, ...,
* I_T_MSG_HANDLE) since we want to display all messages available
call function 'BAL_DSP_LOG_DISPLAY'
* EXPORTING
* I_S_LOG_FILTER =
* I_T_LOG_CONTEXT_FILTER =
* I_S_MSG_FILTER =
* I_T_MSG_CONTEXT_FILTER =
* I_T_LOG_HANDLE =
* I_T_MSG_HANDLE =
* I_S_DISPLAY_PROFILE =
exceptions
others = 1.
if sy-subrc <> 0.
message id sy-msgid type sy-msgty number sy-msgno
with sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.
endif.

endform.
*--------------------------------------------------------------------
* FORM CALLBACK_LOG_DETAIL
*--------------------------------------------------------------------
form callback_log_detail "#EC CALLED
tables
i_params structure spar.

* load my specififc data from database
perform load_my_data
tables
i_params.

* display header data
call function 'REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY'
exporting
i_structure_name = 'BAL_S_EX05'
i_screen_start_column = 1
i_screen_start_line = 1
i_screen_end_column = 80
i_screen_end_line = 10
tables
t_outtab = g_my_header_data
exceptions
others = 1.
if sy-subrc <> 0.
message id sy-msgid type sy-msgty number sy-msgno
with sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.
endif.

endform.
*--------------------------------------------------------------------
* FORM CALLBACK_MSG_DETAIL
*--------------------------------------------------------------------
form callback_msg_detail "#EC CALLED
tables
i_params structure spar.

data:
l_my_message_data type bal_s_ex06 occurs 0.

* load my specififc data from database
perform load_my_data
tables
i_params.

* find out the identifier for this message
read table i_params with key param = const_name_msg_ident.
check sy-subrc = 0.
g_identifier = i_params-value.

* search for those entries which belong to thgis message
read table g_my_message_data with key identifier = g_identifier.
check sy-subrc = 0.
l_my_message_data = g_my_message_data-t_my_data.

* display header data
call function 'REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY'
exporting
i_structure_name = 'BAL_S_EX06'
i_screen_start_column = 1
i_screen_start_line = 1
i_screen_end_column = 80
i_screen_end_line = 10
tables
t_outtab = l_my_message_data
exceptions
others = 1.
if sy-subrc <> 0.
message id sy-msgid type sy-msgty number sy-msgno
with sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.
endif.

endform.

*--------------------------------------------------------------------
* FORM LOAD_MY_DATA
*--------------------------------------------------------------------
form load_my_data
tables
i_params structure spar.

data:
l_lognumber type balhdr-lognumber.

* find out the log number of this log which is displayed
* (this number is automatically added by the display module)
read table i_params with key param = bal_param_lognumber.
if sy-subrc = 0.
l_lognumber = i_params-value.
endif.

* when number has changed, load these data
if g_lognumber ne l_lognumber.
g_lognumber = l_lognumber.
import g_my_header_data g_my_message_data
from database bal_indx(al)
id g_lognumber.
if sy-subrc ne 0.
clear:
g_my_header_data[],
g_my_message_data[].
endif.
endif.

endform.

***********************************************************************
************** FORMS FOR DELETION OF THE LOG *************************
***********************************************************************
*--------------------------------------------------------------------
* FORM log_delete
*--------------------------------------------------------------------
form log_delete.
data:
l_s_log_filter type bal_s_lfil,
l_s_obj type bal_s_obj,
l_s_extn type bal_s_extn,
l_t_log_header type balhdr_t.

* create filter to search for this log on db
clear l_s_log_filter-object.
clear l_s_obj.
l_s_obj-sign = 'I'.
l_s_obj-option = 'EQ'.
l_s_obj-low = const_example_object.
append l_s_obj to l_s_log_filter-object.
clear l_s_extn.
l_s_extn-sign = 'I'.
l_s_extn-option = 'EQ'.
l_s_extn-low = const_example_extnumber.
append l_s_extn to l_s_log_filter-extnumber.

* search for this log
call function 'BAL_DB_SEARCH'
exporting
i_s_log_filter = l_s_log_filter
importing
e_t_log_header = l_t_log_header
exceptions
others = 1.
if sy-subrc <> 0.
message id sy-msgid type sy-msgty number sy-msgno
with sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.
endif.

* delete these logs
call function 'BAL_DB_DELETE'
exporting
i_t_logs_to_delete = l_t_log_header
exceptions
others = 1.
if sy-subrc <> 0.
message id sy-msgid type sy-msgty number sy-msgno
with sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.
endif.

endform.